Living Walls: Types and Irrigation Methods

Living walls – also known as green walls or vertical gardens – are architectural structures that incorporate living green plants. They can be designed to cover the exterior portion of a building or be placed inside as a decorative feature. The integration of plants into building design helps to create sustainable and energy-efficient environments that are also beautiful and inviting. Irrigation methods play an important role in maintaining this unique decor. 

There are several types of living walls, each of which offers distinct advantages and is suitable for different types of applications.

Modular Living Walls: Modular systems are created with pre-planted panels or trays that can be mounted on a wall. These panels are comprised of a framework of plant pots or pockets into which soil and plants are placed. Modular living walls are often used for balconies or in indoor spaces, such as a hotel lobby. Modular systems represent flexibility and ease of installation, as they can be assembled in sections. The modular approach makes it easier to replace plants or adjust the design when necessary.

In-built or Hydroponic Living Walls: In-built living walls are more complex, as they are integrated directly into a building’s infrastructure. They utilize hydroponic systems, meaning that plants are grown without soil, instead relying on water and nutrient solutions to nourish the roots. This approach is often used for large-scale installations and customized to fit the building’s design. Sophisticated irrigation systems embedded within these systems allow for greater control over water usage and plant health.

Soil-based Living Walls: Soil-based living walls use a soil substrate in which plants are rooted. These systems are often found in modular setups but can also be part of an in-built installation. While soil provides a natural medium for plant growth, it can be heavier and more challenging to maintain than hydroponic systems. However, soil-based walls support a broader range of plant species, including those that require deeper root systems.

Irrigation Methods for Living Walls

A living wall relies heavily on the appropriate irrigation system to guarantee that plants receive the necessary amount of water – without over-saturating or drying them out. Various irrigation methods are employed to maintain proper hydration in living walls, particularly in larger, more complex installations.

Drip Irrigation: One of the most common irrigation methods for living walls is drip irrigation. Tubes deliver water directly to the base of each plant, minimizing water waste by directing the water precisely where it is needed. The water is usually delivered in small, controlled amounts to prevent the wall from becoming oversaturated, which could lead to plant root rot.

Wicking Systems: Wicking systems use a material (such as cloth or rope) that draws water from a reservoir and delivers it to the plants through capillary action. This method is often used in modular systems and smaller installations. Wicking works best for smaller plants that do not require large amounts of water and is a passive system, requiring minimal maintenance. However, it is not as efficient in larger or more water-hungry plant installations.

Hydroponic Irrigation: Hydroponic living walls use a nutrient-rich water solution to irrigate the plants, providing both water and the necessary nutrients. The water is circulated throughout the wall through a closed-loop system, often using pumps to move the solution. This method is highly efficient for plant growth, particularly in systems where soil is not used. Hydroponic systems can also be automated to guarantee that plants have access to a consistent water and nutrient supply.

Manual Watering: In some cases, especially for smaller living walls or those in indoor environments, manual watering can be employed. While less efficient than automated systems, manual watering is feasible for small-scale installations where large irrigation systems may be impractical.

Mist and Spray Systems: Mist and spray irrigation systems involve the use of fine nozzles to mist the plants with water, creating a humid microenvironment. This system is particularly useful for tropical plants that require high humidity levels. Mist irrigation can also help in cooling the surrounding area, especially beneficial in hot climates like the Florida Gulf Coast.

Tropex Installs Beautiful Living Walls

Living walls are a versatile solution for businesses looking to integrate greenery into their environment. Regardless of the type of wall you choose or the irrigation methods necessary, Tropex is here to help. From design to installation and maintenance, you can trust our team of experts. Call today to schedule an appointment, and let’s get started!